Amazon Neptune Construct Library

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AWS CDK v1 has reached End-of-Support on 2023-06-01. This package is no longer being updated, and users should migrate to AWS CDK v2.

For more information on how to migrate, see the Migrating to AWS CDK v2 guide.

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Amazon Neptune is a fast, reliable, fully managed graph database service that makes it easy to build and run applications that work with highly connected datasets. The core of Neptune is a purpose-built, high-performance graph database engine. This engine is optimized for storing billions of relationships and querying the graph with milliseconds latency. Neptune supports the popular graph query languages Apache TinkerPop Gremlin and W3C’s SPARQL, enabling you to build queries that efficiently navigate highly connected datasets.

The @aws-cdk/aws-neptune package contains primitives for setting up Neptune database clusters and instances.

import aws_cdk.aws_neptune as neptune

Starting a Neptune Database

To set up a Neptune database, define a DatabaseCluster. You must always launch a database in a VPC.

cluster = neptune.DatabaseCluster(self, "Database",
    vpc=vpc,
    instance_type=neptune.InstanceType.R5_LARGE
)

By default only writer instance is provisioned with this construct.

Connecting

To control who can access the cluster, use the .connections attribute. Neptune databases have a default port, so you don't need to specify the port:

cluster.connections.allow_default_port_from_any_ipv4("Open to the world")

The endpoints to access your database cluster will be available as the .clusterEndpoint and .clusterReadEndpoint attributes:

write_address = cluster.cluster_endpoint.socket_address

IAM Authentication

You can also authenticate to a database cluster using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) database authentication; See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/iam-auth.html for more information and a list of supported versions and limitations.

The following example shows enabling IAM authentication for a database cluster and granting connection access to an IAM role.

cluster = neptune.DatabaseCluster(self, "Cluster",
    vpc=vpc,
    instance_type=neptune.InstanceType.R5_LARGE,
    iam_authentication=True
)
role = iam.Role(self, "DBRole", assumed_by=iam.AccountPrincipal(self.account))
cluster.grant_connect(role)

Customizing parameters

Neptune allows configuring database behavior by supplying custom parameter groups. For more details, refer to the following link: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/parameters.html

cluster_params = neptune.ClusterParameterGroup(self, "ClusterParams",
    description="Cluster parameter group",
    parameters={
        "neptune_enable_audit_log": "1"
    }
)

db_params = neptune.ParameterGroup(self, "DbParams",
    description="Db parameter group",
    parameters={
        "neptune_query_timeout": "120000"
    }
)

cluster = neptune.DatabaseCluster(self, "Database",
    vpc=vpc,
    instance_type=neptune.InstanceType.R5_LARGE,
    cluster_parameter_group=cluster_params,
    parameter_group=db_params
)

Adding replicas

DatabaseCluster allows launching replicas along with the writer instance. This can be specified using the instanceCount attribute.

cluster = neptune.DatabaseCluster(self, "Database",
    vpc=vpc,
    instance_type=neptune.InstanceType.R5_LARGE,
    instances=2
)

Additionally it is also possible to add replicas using DatabaseInstance for an existing cluster.

replica1 = neptune.DatabaseInstance(self, "Instance",
    cluster=cluster,
    instance_type=neptune.InstanceType.R5_LARGE
)

Automatic minor version upgrades

By setting autoMinorVersionUpgrade to true, Neptune will automatically update the engine of the entire cluster to the latest minor version after a stabilization window of 2 to 3 weeks.

neptune.DatabaseCluster(self, "Cluster",
    vpc=vpc,
    instance_type=neptune.InstanceType.R5_LARGE,
    auto_minor_version_upgrade=True
)